ADDIE - 1975
In 1975, Florida State University developed the ADDIE model of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation, which was selected by the Armed Services as the primary means for developing training. At the time, the term "ADDIE" was not used, but rather "SAT" (Systems Approach to Training) or "ISD" (Instructional Systems Development). As a generally rule, the military used SAT, while their civilian counterparts used ISD. The "D" in "ISD" first stood for "Development," but now normally means "Design."The ISD model at the time looked similar to this:
Six years later, Dr. Russell Watson, Chief, Staff and Faculty Training Division of the Fort Huachuca, Arizona, presented a paper to International Congress for Individualized Instruction. In it, he discusses the U.S. Army's SAT model as developed by Florida State University. However, he uses a slightly different model in which the five basic phases are still the same, but the steps within each phase have been slightly modified:
As defense machinery was becoming more and more sophisticated, the educational background of entry level soldiers was becoming lower and lower. The potential solution to this problem was in the form of a "systems approach" to training. The system selected for use by the Army was Instructional Systems Development (ISD), developed in 1975 by Florida State University. ISD is a comprehensive five phase process encompassing the entire training/educational environment. Although ISD is a systematic step-by-step approach, it has the flexibility to be used with both individualized and traditional instruction. It is however, specifically orientated towards the use of behavioral/performance objectives and criterion-referenced tests. -- Russell Watson (1981)
Reference
Watson, Russell (October 1981). Instructional System Development. In a paper presented to the International Congress for Individualized Instruction. EDRS publication ED 209 239. Branson, R. K. (principal investigator) (1975). Interservice procedures for instructional systems development: Executive summary and model. Tallahassee, FL: Center for Educational Technology, Florida State University. (National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161. Document Nos. AD-A019 486 to AD-A019490)Branson, R.K., Rayner, G.T., Cox, J.L., Furman, J.P., King, F.J., Hannum, W.H. Interservice procedures for instructional systems development. (5 vols.) (TRADOC Pam 350-30 NAVEDTRA 106A). Ft. Monroe, VA: U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command, August 1975. (NTIS No. ADA 019 486 through ADA 019 490):
- Executive Summary and Model - ADA 019 486
- Phase I: Analyze - ADA 019 487
- Phase II: Design - ADA 019 488
- Phase III: Develop - ADA 019 489
- Phase IV & V: Implement and Control - ADA 019 490